Who does Section 1983 primarily apply to?

Section 1983 of Title 42 of the United States Code is a pivotal law that allows individuals to sue in civil court for the violation of their constitutional rights. The provision specifically targets state and local officials who act under the authority of state law. This is crucial because it holds these officials accountable for actions that deprive individuals of their rights, privileges, or immunities guaranteed by the Constitution and federal laws.

State and local officials can include police officers, correctional officers, and various government employees. This law serves as a critical mechanism for individuals to seek redress and enforce their rights when state actors exceed their lawful authority or impose unconstitutional policies or practices.

The other options are not correct because federal agents typically operate under different legal frameworks, private security personnel do not have the same governmental authority or responsibilities that would invoke Section 1983, and international law enforcement does not fall under the jurisdiction of U.S. federal laws concerning civil rights violations.