Which entity does the 4th amendment apply to during a search?

The Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution protects individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures by the government. Its primary application is to government entities and law enforcement agencies, which must adhere to specific legal standards and procedures when conducting searches. This amendment establishes the expectation of privacy that citizens possess, thereby requiring law enforcement to obtain probable cause and, in many cases, a warrant before engaging in search and seizure activities.

While private citizens, non-profit organizations, and international bodies may have varying levels of rights concerning privacy and property, the Fourth Amendment specifically limits the actions of governmental authorities in their capacity to conduct searches. Understanding this distinguishing characteristic is crucial for comprehending the broader context of constitutional rights and civil liberties within law enforcement practices.